St. Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra
The distinguished Orchestra of Russia, St. Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra, the oldest symphony orchestra in Russia, in the 2022/2023 season celebrated the 140th anniversary of its foundation. History of the Orchestra which, according to foreign reviews, “is among the world’s elite and, without a doubt, historically the most important orchestra in Russia”, began with the decree of Alexander III on July 16th, 1882, which initiated the creation of the Court Musicians Choir. Transformed into the Court Orchestra at the beginning of the XX century, for the first time in Russia, the orchestra performed the symphonic poems Ein Heldenleben and Also Sprach Zarathustra by Richard Strauss, Mahler's First Symphony and Bruckner's Ninth Symphony, Scriabin's Poem of Ecstasy and Stravinsky’s First Symphony. A. Nikisch and R. Strauss conducted the orchestra as well as A. Glazunov, who dedicated the Festival Overture to the orchestra. In 1917, the Court Orchestra became the State Orchestra, and was headed by S. Koussevitzky.
In 1921, the orchestra, given the hall of the former Noble Assembly at its disposal, opened the country's first Philharmonia. The unprecedented in scale activities of the orchestra drew a new and sometimes far removed from classical music audience to its Grand Hall. Outstanding Russian musicians underwent a rigorous test of their conducting skills with the orchestra. Such legendary Western conductors as B. Walter, F. Weingartner, H. Abendroth, O. Fried, E. Kleiber, P. Monteux and O. Klemperer; soloists V. Horowitz and S. Prokofiev, performed with the orchestra. The orchestra mastered a vast contemporary repertoire. In 1918, it presented the premiere of Prokofiev’s Classical Symphony, and in 1926 – Shostakovich’s First Symphony.
In 1934, the orchestra – the first in the country – was awarded the title of Distinguished Orchestra of Russia. 1938 ushered in a half-century of the “Age of Mravinsky” – years of hard work, which earned the orchestra a place among the most prominent orchestras of the world. In 1946, the orchestra embarked on its first foreign trip – and gave its first overseas performance in the country’s symphonic performance history. This was followed by regular tours around the world, performing at the most prestigious European festivals. A unique and creative alliance formed between D. Shostakovich and E. Mravinsky, to whom the composer devoted the Eighth Symphony. The conductor and the orchestra performed five Shostakovich's symphonies for the first time. In fact, a tradition of an original interpretation of famous scores was born. Music of the twentieth century as a whole assumed a significant role in the orchestra’s repertoire. Alternating as the second conductor of the orchestra were K. Sanderling, A. Jansons and M. Jansons; at the podium were L. Stokowski, L. Maazel, Z. Mehta, K. Masur, E. Svetlanov, G. Rozhdestvensky and composers B. Britten, A. Copland, Z. Kodály, W. Lutosławski, L. Berio, K. Penderecki, and soloists: V. Cliburn, G. Gould, A. Benedetti Michelangeli, I. Stern, S. Richter, E. Gilels, D. Oistrakh, E. Virsaladze, N. Petrov, G. Sokolov, V. Tretyakov, L. Kogan, N. Gutman, V. Krainev, V. Spivakov and A. Lyubimov. From 1988 till 2022, Yuri Temirkanov headed the orchestra.
In January 2022 Yuri Temirkanov resigned as Principal Conductor of the St Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra, still remaining Artistic Director of both the orchestra and the St Petersburg Philharmonia – he had been occupying this position for more than two decades. Nikolay Alexeev, who has been collaborating with the Orchestra for over twenty years, has subsequently become the orchestra’s Principal Conductor.
The orchestra’s repertoire is constantly updated with new, including modern compositions – among them they have performed for the first time in Russia: the First Symphony The Triumph of Heaven and fantasy Wunderbare Leiden by Borisova-Ollas, the nocturne Sur le meme accord and La nuit etoilée by Dutilleux, and the Piano Concerto Century Rolls and Shaker Loops by Adams, Giya Kancheli’s Letters to Friends, Widmann’s Babylon-Suite, as well as Ligeti’s Ramifications for string orchestra and Concert Românesc.
The orchestra opened the 2023/2024 concert season on September 25th, the birthday of D. Shostakovich. Rachmaninoff’s Isle of the Dead and Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini (soloist D. Shishkin) and the Shostakovich’s Tenth Symphony (on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the premiere) were played under the direction of Chief conductor N. Alexeev. Traditional subscription cycles – "Yuri Temirkanov’s Orchestra" and "First Symphony Orchestra of Russia" – in the new season are dedicated to Maestro Yuri Temirkanov’s memory. Only within the framework of these subscriptions, the poster of the orchestra includes symphonies of Haydn, Brahms, Dvorak, Bruckner, Mahler, Prokofiev and Shostakovich, Verdi’s Requiem, Lutosławski’s Concerto for Orchestra, piano concerts of Beethoven, Liszt, Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninoff, Prokofiev, Violin concerto by Sibelius, symphonic fragments from Wagner's operas. The list of soloists features D. Matsuev, N. Lugansky, E. Virsaladze, I. Bessonov, H. Kazazyan, as well as the XVII International Tchaikovsky Competition III Prize winner I. Papoian and the International Rachmaninoff Competition I Prize winner A. Klyuchko. In concerts of the new cycle dedicated to the 200th anniversary of Bruckner, St. Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra performs the Third (Wagner), Seventh and Ninth symphonies of the composer. Two evenings are dedicated to the 80th anniversary of the Leningrad complete liberation from the fascists’ blockade. The list of the guest conductors of the orchestra includes P. Bubelnikov, F. Korobov, A. Rudin, D. Botinis, L. Krämer (Germany), A. Chernushenko, V. Borisov and others. The soloists feature pianists D. Matsuev, N. Lugansky, E. Virsaladze, E. Leonskaja, B. Berezovsky, A. Gindin, I. Bessonov, D. Shishkin, M. Kultyshev, F. Kopachevsky, P. Raikerus, I. Papoian; violinists V. Repin, H. Kazazyan, I. Ioff; flutist S. Viland; cellist A. Ramm; singers H. Gerzmava, A. Tikhomirov, Yu. Vorobyov, A. Denisova, B. Stepanov, I. Vasiliev. The orchestra continues its touring activities. In August 2023, performances were held in Sochi and Nalchik (conductor N. Alexeev), and in June 2023, after a three-year break, foreign tours of the St. Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra took place. Under the direction of N. Alexeev, Rachmaninoff's music was played in seven large cities of China. The Tchaikovsky Competition winner pianist D. Kharitonov played solo part. For the current season, tours of the orchestra in China are planned again, as well as performances in Krasnoyarsk and Moscow.